Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease caused by bacteria and is contagious that means it can spread from one person to another via air. Although it mostly affects the lungs, it can also occur in other parts of the body, like skin, kidneys, brain or spine.

The main thing to note is tuberculosis is completely preventable, also treatable and curable.

How does tuberculosis spread?

When a person infected with tuberculosis sneezes or talks, the bacteria is released into the air - and it can stay there for a long time. In case another person breathes the air containing tuberculosis bacteria, they can contract the infection.

Symptoms of tuberculosis

• Cough

• Fever

• Fatigue

• Night sweats

• Sudden weight loss

• Loss of appetite

Which tests are done to detect tuberculosis?

A tuberculin skin test is done as a preliminary test. A positive tuberculin test is followed up with a chest x-ray and physician assessment to confirm or rule out tuberculosis disease.

How to prevent tuberculosis?

• Early detection through health screening

• Understand the signs and symptoms of TB

• Get early treatment

When should you be tested for tuberculosis?

• If you had a cough lasting for longer than two weeks

• If you have cough with blood

• If you are developing any symptoms of TB

• If you are in a high-risk group, like near a person infected with TB

• If you consume tobacco and alcohol

• If you are exposed to silica dust and indoor air pollution

What increases the risk for tuberculosis?

Non communicable diseases or lifestyle health conditions can increase your risk of contracting tuberculosis. Diseases like diabetes significantly increase the risk for tuberculosis. Therefore it is imperative to catch these non communicable diseases at an early stage, and have a treatment planned to cure them. Remember, regular full body health checkups are an integral part of a healthy lifestyle, happy life, and a longer lifespan.